Academic texts
Auger, Giselle A. 2013. “Fostering Democracy through Social Media: Evaluating Diametrically Opposed Nonprofit Advocacy Organizations’ Use of Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube.” Public Relations Review 39:369–76.
Bennett, W. Lance, Chris Wells, and Deen Freelon. 2011. “Communicating Civic Engagement: Contrasting Models of Citizenship in the Youth Web Sphere.” Journal of Communication 61(5):835–56.
Briones, Rowena L., Beth Kuch, Brooke Fisher Liu, and Yan Jin. 2011. “Keeping up with the Digital Age: How the American Red Cross Uses Social Media to Build Relationships.” Public Relations Review 37(1):37–43.
Earl, Jennifer, and Katrina Kimport. 2011. Digitally Enabled Social Change: Activism in the Internet Age. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Kanter, Beth, and Allison Fine. 2010. The Networked Nonprofit: Connecting with Social Media to Drive Change. John Wiley & Sons.
Karpf, David. 2010. “Online Political Mobilization from the Advocacy Group’s Perspective: Looking Beyond Clicktivism.” Policy & Internet 2(4):Article 2.
Karpf, David. 2012. The MoveOn Effect: The Unexpected Transformation of American Political Advocacy. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Kavada, Anastasia. 2005. “Civil Society Organisations and the Internet: The Case of Amnesty International, Oxfam, and the World Development Movement.” Pp. 208–22 in Global Activism, Global Media, edited by Wilma de Jong, Martin Shaw, and Neil Stammers. London, UK: Pluto Press.
Kavada, Anastasia. 2009. “Collective Action and the Social Web: Comparing the Architecture of Avaaz.org and Openesf.net.” Pp. 129–40 in Communicative Approaches to Politics and Ethics in Europe, edited by Nico Carpentier et al. Tartu, Estonia: Tartu University Press.
Kessler, Sarah. 2012. “Amplifying Individual Impact: Social Media’s Emerging Role in Activism.” Pp. 205–15 in Media, Mobilization, and Human Rights: Mediating Suffering, edited by Tristan Anne Borer. London, UK: Zed Books.
Koffman, Ofra, and Rosalind Gill. 2013. “‘The Revolution Will Be Led by a 12-Year-Old Girl’: Girl Power and Global Biopolitic.” Feminist Review 105(1):83–102.
Land, Molly Beutz. 2009. “Networked Activism.” Harvard Human Rights Journal 22:205–43.
Lebert, Joanne. 2003. “Wiring Human Rights Activism: Amnesty International and the Challenges of Information and Communication Technologies.” Pp. 209–32 in Cyberactivism: Online Activism in Theory and Practice, edited by Martha McCaughey and Michael D. Ayers. New York, NY: Routledge.
Lewis, Kevin, Kurt Gray, and Jens Meierhenrich. 2014. “The Structure of Online Activism.” Sociological Science 1–9.
Lovejoy, Kristen, and Gregory D. Saxton. 2012. “Information, Community, and Action: How Nonprofit Organizations Use Social Media.” Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 17(3):337–53.
McPherson, Ella. 2014. “Advocacy Organizations’ Evaluation of Social Media Information for NGO Journalism The Evidence and Engagement Models.” American Behavioral Scientist.
Obar, Jonathan A., Paul Zube, and Cliff Lampe. 2012. “Advocacy 2.0: An Analysis of How Advocacy Groups in the United States Perceive and Use Social Media as Tools for Facilitating Civic Engagement and Collective Action.” Journal of Information Policy 2:1–25.
Schultz, Friederike, Sonja Utz, and Anja Göritz. 2011. “Is the Medium the Message? Perceptions of and Reactions to Crisis Communication via Twitter, Blogs and Traditional Media.” Public Relations Review 37(1):20–27.
Seo, Hyunjin, Ji Young Kim, and Sung-Un Yang. 2009. “Global Activism and New Media: A Study of Transnational NGOs’ Online Public Relations.” Public Relations Review 35(2):123–26.
Veil, Shari R., Tara Buehner, and Michael J. Palenchar. 2011. “A Work-In-Process Literature Review: Incorporating Social Media in Risk and Crisis Communication.” Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management 19(2):110–22.
Other resources
Digital media and activism bibliography from John Postill's media/anthropology blog
MA Module on Social Media Campaigning from Dan Mcquillan's internet.artizans blog
Luis Hestres' reading list for his course on Advocacy and Social Media
